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i I UNITED APATENT OFFICE.

MARoUs `HARDY, OE NEwroRr, RHoDEisDAND, AssIGNOR 'ro GEORGE H. REYNOLDS, OE NEW YORK,N.` Y., AND MARTIN EUBBE, OE BAYONNE, NEW JERsEY, ONE-FOURTHTO EACH. 'y a e 'i fsrEcrFrcATIoN forming part 'of Letters Patent No. 243,888, daten July 5, 1881. AppiicationmedAprnes,1819.

To all 'whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, MARCUS A. HARDY, of Newport, in the county of Newport and State of Rhode Island, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Marine Torpedoes,

of which the following is a specilication.

Certain of my improvements consist in the combination, with a marine torpedo and an electric circuit, of a pin Or bar adapted to comxo plete said circuit and eect the firing of the torpedo;` also, in the combinationfwith a ma rine torpedo and an electric circuit, of two resistancefcoils controlling the tiring of a. cartridge, one being adapted to be cut ont by the contact of a tiring-pin at the howof the tor- Vpedo with any. object, and the other being adapted to be eut out by the operator at will.

Other improvements consist in the combination, with the exhaust-pipe of the propel-` Vzo lin g-en gine, of a hollow propeller-sh aft, whereby the motive agent may be exhausted into the water in rearof the torpedo.

' Other improvements consist in a novel cable reel or drum composed of parts capable of bez 5 i ing readily' detached and attached. f i

Other improvements consist in details to be hereinafter set forth.

In the accompanying drawings,Fignre l represents alongitudinal sectionof the bow por- 3o tion ot' a marine torpedo embodying certain of my improvements. Fig.- 2 represents an enlarged longitudinal section of the extreme` bow. Fig. 3 is an enlarged partly-sectional side view of the firing-pin. Fig. 4 represents 3 5 the operators key-board for manipulating and "ring the same. Fig. 5 is a partly-sectional side elevation of the stern portion of amarine torpedo, illustrating provision for conducting the motive agent as it is exhausted through 4o the propellershaft, as also the drum in which the cableis arranged. Fig. 6 is a longitudinal section of a reel for vpaying out the cable, embodying some of my improvements. Fig.

7 is a similar view of the same made into a drum. Fig. S is a transverse sectionfof the same. Fig. 9 is a longitudinal sectionot a modified form of reel. Fig. 10 is asimilar view ofthe latter made into a drum. Fig. 11-

is a cross-section thereof; Fig.12, a longitudi- 5o nal section of a. reel lof anothermodied form.'

Fig. 13 is a similar view of the latter made into a drum, and Fig. 14 is a 'cross-section thereof. 1 Similar letters' of reference designate corre. Sponding parts throughout the iignres.A 5 5 Considering rst Figs. l, 2, 3, and 4, B designates the bow part of the shell or hull of a marine torpedo, which -is made of metal, and is furnished at its extreme point with a bar, A A `A', which is free to slide in a casting or other slideway, C, and is shown as kept watertight by stm'fing-boal a. This har- AfAA is represented as made inthree pieces or sections, consisting of twoend pieces or sections, A A, of metal, and a central piece or sect-ion, A', of hard rubber or its-equivalenbto.which the end pieces are securedin anysuitable manner-4- for instance, by being screwed into the same.

To the inboard end of the casting or slideway C is' secured a short tube, D, into which isscrewed or otherwise fastened aplug, E, ot` hard rubber or equivalent material, provided with 'twofsmall bindingscrews,F and G, passing through the plug `E and securing two projections consisting ot' springs H I, which may be of brass, to the inside of the plug E.

' J designates a resistance-coil the ends of whose wires are attached to the bindingscrews F and G.

K is a wooden or other suitable partition `dividing the extremepointforfbo-w-'ironi the magazine L, containing the explosive charge, and Mis a cartridge one of the wi' s of which connects with theoutside plating et' the shell orhnll B, and there communicates with the ground, `while the other wire leads thro'1 f*h the partition K and is securedto the bin(- gscrew F.

The line-cable N leads from the bindingscrew G, Fig. 1, to 4the binding-screw O (see Figs. 2 and 4) of the operators key fboard, which is in connection with one side of a circuit-closer or swtch,P,the other side of which leads' to a pole-chan ger or ordinary key, Q, hav- 1n g the usual connection with a battery, 1t, and ground-.plate S. By means of the pole-changer or key Q- an electric current can be established. 'l is a resistance-coil the ends of whose wires lead to the two sides of the switch ll. When the sliding ber AAAand the handle roo 2 Masse b of switch oir-.the key-board' are'in the position 'shown in drawings, both resistance-coils J and -T are in circuit, but .oier such a resistance that whemthe firing-key Q is turned to Fire it is'iinpossible torethe cartridge M .by means 'of -battery R. '.-:,If,` however, one or4 the otherfof the cons iscut out or shortoircnited, the' `rf-gsistance is' reduced .to such an extent as to enable the battery I t to ire the cartridg'eM with ease. Thus, if it is desired to fire at agi'ventilne. or signal, the handle b ofswitch P is turned to At willif thereby al- -lowing'the current Vtopass throughthe switch P, instead of Ygoinglthrough the resistance-coil f contact, thefprojecting bar A A A', as soon as ,it strikes the object to-be attacked, slides in- `board between thel two springs H and I,where by the inner endl of the bar A A A'becomes zoinsulated from 'the slideway C by the rubber or equivalent middle *piece or section, A', of bar A A A', passing' partly out of its slideway C on theinside, and thus causing the'current j to pass through the' two springs and bindingz5 screws instead of through coil-J.

. Inplace of using arod and springs to close the circuit, in the bow, any other known de- -,vice may be substituted, as two copper plates or disks with a water-space between, &c.

l j1-'3Tu rnin g now to Fig; 5,"B designates the shell or hull of a marine Ttorpedo. It has an i' "--"upwardlytapering stern, and .is furnished with a screw-propeller, B', mounted on a shaft, B, as also witha rudder, B3. v The propeller-shaft .is represented as driven through gear-wheels '.B9,Jand hollow. throughout its extent, so as to form a conduit through which the motive agent employed for propulsion .may be exhausted.

In this example of my invention the exhaust- Ipipe B. of thee'ngine is. shown as extending ventirely through thepropeller-shaftand slight- 1y beyond the end-thereof, and -as furnished at fthe end with an inwardly-closing valve, o, f, wherebyit is controlled,a spring, s, arranged .drui'n is readyjfor use. -f

around its stem, between abridge-p'iece, t, in .the -said pipe, and acollar, u, on said stem be- A Aing employedrto-clo'sethe valve when theen- `"gineis'not exhausting.v The engine isp'referably arranged inea compartment, B5, lilled with '59. water, 'and vwhen it is so filled with A'water no .smiling-box is vnecessarywhere theiexhaust-l pipe'Br enters the vpropeller-shaft,` If,' how-l ever, no water is' to be admitted, a stuiiing-boxl described, 'arranged'A in" .a colnpar'tnient, B,

lengthwise of the bestaand containingthe ca- 6- k ble of electric conductors, l.y'yherebyrthe .opera- T; or, in the other case, if desired Ato tire by` Acan' be drawn out through th'ei center hole,k,

suitable material; provided at their periphery with anges c to enhanceA their stiffness, and near the center with circular dan ges d, into y. which are fitted cast-iron or other journals, V. 7o They have also central openings, k; vThe center barrel or body of the-reel consists yoi' three cylindrical* segments, Wy of. sheet metal, strengthened by and riveted to bars e, the ends of which .pass through the'two journals V, and are screwed up tight till the sheet-iron segments are brought 'or forced upsolidly against the heads U, thus making the rcel like afsolidone The two journals rest in aframc in which thereel rotates. lAfter winding on 8o, the cable until it fills the reel (which may be done in the usual manner) the same is iuclosed between the heads U by allightmetal case, Z, (see Fig. 6 and the large dotted circle in Fig. 7,) composed of twoparts connected at 'the 85` bottom by hinges f, seas to becapable of opening utin two halves, and iitted at the'upper edges with two angle-bars, g, by meanswhereof, in conjunction with bolts h, the case may be clamped tightly around the cable.A rThe coils are by this case held crosswise, while for thesupport lengthwise four rods, i, are hooked at one end over the iia'nge c of one`head,.and provided at the opposite end; with nutsj, which are screwed 'uptight on the other head, thus holding the said heads, the. cylindricalv case,

"and Ithe con tents thereofsojidly together.' The reel may 'now be changed 1'rito a'"simple cabledrum (which is a cylindrical case containing" insulated wire or any other cable) by unscrewing the nuts which hold the-segments W roo ' clamped tightly between theheads Uandjourv nals V, then drawing out the journals,'w here' upon the segments will collapse, so that they IO (see Fig. 7,) leaving the'cable' coiled intact. s Afterward a thimble or ring, l, is preferably .tted in tothe'central ange, d, of one'of the heads U, whence its journal was removedv to- .iv'acilitate the paying out of the cable', and the/'no I will now tur` to Figs. 9, 1 0, andi'll. In

place vof a movable center barrel, as before described, sleeves X-'areitted into heads-U', andare furnished with shoulders projecting n 5 'through central openings, k', in said heads,4

and around which simple plate-segments W" arekept in position bydrawing the two sleeves and heads together by one central bolt, Y,

passing through 'tli'enand iitted with nuts m, x o

screwed up on .the outside. The. ends of this bolt Y serve as the journals `on which the rcel rotates. The Acylindrical case Z', which incloses the cable after being coiled', is not hinged .at the'bottom,'but' is l'made lighty enough to. x25,

''spring open and around the cable,and is tightened by-boltsh','in the 'same manner as before desori'bed.- The four .rods.', which se cure the headslengthwise, are hook-shaped at both en d's,one ofv thejheads U' having three 13' cornered notches, n, (three in number, or as. .manyjas there are rods cut into the outer j flan ge, so that the rods t', after being hooked over the flan ge ofthe otherhead; can be dropped into these notches and tightened up by forcing them along the inclined faces of the notches.

Turning now to Figs. 12, 13, and 14, U2 are heads consisting of plain disks without any iianges, but provided with a peripherical groove, o. The center barrel, W2, is solid (wood or metal) and slightly conical. It is passed through central holes, k2, in the heads,

4 and is keyed at both ends by keys'o, or at i thefsmaller end alone it the larger end is fitted with a shoulder: The'heads U2 are kept at a given distance by wrapping around the barrel a sheet ot' hard rubber, 7c3, or anyothersubstance of' sufiicient stiffness susceptible of closing together transversely when the barrel is removed. `After the cable is wound on the same it is ineloscd by a light sheet of metal,

-bolts h and/L and the longitudinal bolts and i', before described. The longitudinal edges of Z2 are shown as,V fitted with handles p, to facilitate the lifting ofthe drum. The ring l, through which the cable pays out, as before described, is here dispensed with, and instead' of it a tube, q, is fitted in such' a manner that its bell-mouth reaches into the center of the drum, where its rounded edges lead the cable in such a manner as not to come in cont-act with the square edges of'` holes k2.

What I 'claim as my invention,and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination, in a tioafing marine torpedo, of electric-circuit wires and a piu or bar 'arranged in a sldeway in Vthe bow of the torpedo, and adapted to complete said circuit and effect the firing ofthe torpedo on contact with any object, substantially as specified.

'2. The combination, with almarine torpedo, of an electric circuit, projections H I in electric communication with said circuit, the firing pin or bar A A'A', and the resistance-coil J, substantially as specified.

3. The combination,with a marine torpedo and an electric circuit therein, of' two resistance-coils in electric communication with the electric circuit, and a pimbar, or equivalent device for cutting out one of' the resistancecoils, so as to eect the flrin g of the torpedo, substantially as specified. y

4. The combination, with a marine torpedo, 6o

an electric circuit therein, andan electric payin g-out cable, of two resistance-coils, apin, bar, or equivalent device for cutting out one of the resistance-coils on the contact of the device with any object, to thereby effect the automatic firing of the torpedo, and a device in communication with the paying-out cable for cutting out the other resistance-coil, to thereby effect the ring of' the torpedo at; the will ot' the operator, substantially as specified.

5. The combination, in a marine torpedo, of the exhaust-pipe'of' the engine and a hollow propeller-shaft, whereby the motive agent may be exhausted from the engine through the said shaft without passing into the propeller and beyond or aft the propeller.

6. The combination, in a marine torpedo, of a hollow' propeller-shaft and an immovable exhaust-pipe of the engine passing through such propeller-shaft, for the purpose of exhausting the motive agent through such propeller-shaft, substantially as specified. 7 The combination of a hollow propellershaft, an exhaust-pipe from anv engine extending through such shaft, and a valve for allto- 8f matically closing the exit of said exhaust-pipe when the engine is not exhausting, substantially as specified.

8. The combination, with one of the heads of a reel provided with an opening, of a thiml9o ble fitted to said` opening, substantially as specified.

9. A cable-reel consisting of' two heads, rods for holding said heads together at their periphery, a shell inclosing the space' between 95 the heads and made independently of said rods, and a detachable core which is removed to permit of the paying out of the cable from vthe inside of the coil,substantially as' specified.

10. Acable-reel having heads and side rods roo` and a roundedge delivery-orifice for the cable, as described. Y,

11. A reel composed of heads U, a collapsible body,vW, journals V, and rods Ve, substantially as specified. Y

12. The cbmbination, with a marine torpedo, of a cable-reel having one of its heads pro- *vided with an opening for the exit of the cable, said reel being arranged lengthwise of the shell or hull of the torpedo andina compartno ment thereof, substantially as specified.

MARCUS A, HARDY.

Witnesses: l

J. D. RICHARDSON, J. D. RICHARDSON, Jr. 

